Alexander Forbes Europe Limited (formerly Nelson Hurst UK Limited) v SBJ Limited

[2003] P.N.L.R. 15
David Mackie QC
QBD, Commercial Court
December 2002

Brokers were under a duty to make appropriate notification of claims accurately and promptly, rather than acting as a mere postbox.

In 1994 SBJ arranged E&O cover for the Nelson Hurst Group, including a separate stand alone policy for Nelson Hurst Financial Consultants Limited (NHFC). In December 1994, the insured wrote to SBJ with details of a claim by a Mrs Patterson for transmission to underwriters under what should have been the NHFC policy. The insured enclosed a memo relating to the SIB review, mentioning that this may have been the reason why Mrs Patterson complained, and stating that it was something of which E&O underwriters should be made aware.

SBJ notified the underwriters of the group policy, rather than the NHFC policy and did not realise the mistake until after the end of the policy period (15 February 1995). The insured maintained that SBJ were at fault not only in notifying the wrong underwriters in respect of Mrs Patterson's individual claim, but in failing to notify "circumstances" arising out of the SIB review referred to in the memo attached to the notification.

Numerous pension mis-selling claims were subsequently made and the underwriters of the NHFC policy refused cover on the grounds that there had been no notification. The insured argued that had proper notification been given, these claims would have been covered under the 1994/5 policy.

The judge held that SBJ had failed to show reasonable care. SBJ was well aware of the existence of the two separate policies and had indeed recently negotiated both of them. Brokers owe duties going beyond those of a mere postbox. It was for the brokers to get a grip on the proposed notification, to appraise it and to ensure that information was relayed to the right place and in the correct form. They should not have assumed, because the insured were themselves well known brokers in the E&O field, that there was no need to review material submitted by them.

The judge took the view that the notification to the brokers was in fact a notification of circumstances and even if it were not, the brokers should have had a strategy in place so as to ensure that when such information was received from the clients, they were alive to making the required notifications to underwriters accurately and promptly.

The fact that underwriters mistakenly rejected the block notification in 1994/5 was beside the point. If the notification had been made to the correct underwriters in time but rejected, the insured's right to rely on this, perhaps after Rothschild v Collyear, would have been preserved.

SBJ had contended that the insured could have recovered under the 1995/6 policy. The judge took the view that having opted to rely on 1994/5, the insured was not obliged to claim under another policy for the same liability and questions of mitigation or contributory negligence should not arise on the issue. It seemed more likely than not that, but for SBJ's errors, the insurers would have agreed to pay the claim. There were therefore no grounds for reducing SBJ's liability to pay damages.